In the context of natural amino acids, D-type amino acids refer to enantiomers of the standard L-amino acids. Enantiomers are molecules that are mirror images of each other but cannot be superimposed. L-amino acids are the primary building blocks of proteins, while D-amino acids are relatively rare in biological systems. There are 19 naturally occurring L-amino acids commonly found in proteins, each with a corresponding D-amino acid enantiomer.
Here's a list of the 19 common L-amino acids, along with their D-amino acid counterparts:
L-Alanine (L-Ala) and D-Alanine (D-Ala)
L-Arginine (L-Arg) and D-Arginine (D-Arg)
L-Asparagine (L-Asn) and D-Asparagine (D-Asn)
L-Aspartic Acid (L-Asp) and D-Aspartic Acid (D-Asp)
L-Cysteine (L-Cys) and D-Cysteine (D-Cys)
L-Glutamine (L-Gln) and D-Glutamine (D-Gln)
L-Glutamic Acid (L-Glu) and D-Glutamic Acid (D-Glu)
L-Histidine (L-His) and D-Histidine (D-His)
L-Isoleucine (L-Ile) and D-Isoleucine (D-Ile)
L-Leucine (L-Leu) and D-Leucine (D-Leu)
L-Lysine (L-Lys) and D-Lysine (D-Lys)
L-Methionine (L-Met) and D-Methionine (D-Met)
L-Phenylalanine (L-Phe) and D-Phenylalanine (D-Phe)
L-Proline (L-Pro) and D-Proline (D-Pro)
L-Serine (L-Ser) and D-Serine (D-Ser)
L-Threonine (L-Thr) and D-Threonine (D-Thr)
L-Tryptophan (L-Trp) and D-Tryptophan (D-Trp)
L-Tyrosine (L-Tyr) and D-Tyrosine (D-Tyr)
L-Valine (L-Val) and D-Valine (D-Val)
While D-amino acids are less common in biological proteins, they do have specialized roles in certain natural peptides and antibiotics. However, in the context of standard protein synthesis and the genetic code, L-amino acids are the dominant form used.
There are 19 kinds of D-type natural amino acids. Gly in natural amino acids has no chiral structure, and the D-type structure of other natural amino acids can be selected in KS-V Peptide. For details, please log on to the official website to view the list of special amino acids.
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